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The clipeus was the Roman version of the Greek aspis.Although the clipeus was used alongside the rectangular legionaire or great scutum, after the 3rd century the oval or round clipeus became the standard shield of the Roman soldier.
Scutum is part of the Hercules family of constellations, along with Aquila, Ara, Centaurus, Corona Australis, Corvus, Crater, Crux, Cygnus, Hercules, Hydra, Lupus, Lyra, Ophiuchus, Sagitta, Sextans, Serpens, Triangulum Australe and Vulpecula.Other objects on interest in the constellation includes the open clusters RSGC1, Alicante 8 (RSGC4), RSGC3, and Stephenson 2 (RSGC2); and the globular clusters NGC 6712 and Mercer 3.The Polish King John III Sobieski, along with the Habsburg Monarchy, and the Holy Roman Empire, successfully defeated the Ottoman Turk’s who had laid siege to the imperial city of Vienna in 1683. The victory marked an end to the menace posed by the muslim Ottomans to the Christian world, and in 1684 Polish astronomer Johannes Hevelius honored his king by naming his new constellation Scutum Sobiescianum (“Shield of Sobieski”), which was later shortened to just Scutum.Scutum (“the shield”) is an extremely small, faint southern sky constellation that was devised by Polish astronomer Johannes Hevelius in 1684 to commemorate King John III Sobieski’s victory at the Battle of Vienna against the Ottoman Turkish Empire a year earlier. HistoryNet.com contains daily features, photo galleries and over 5,000 articles originally published in our various magazines.Patricia Schroeder, U.S. Congresswoman.Laurence Fishburne, actor (The Matrix series, The Tuskegee Airmen TV movie, CSI - Crime Scene Investigation TV series).David Sanborn, Grammy-winning jazz saxophonist ("Inside," "Close-Up").Paul Anka, singer ("Puppy Love," "You Are My Destiny").
The Roman scutum was constructed in a rectangular and semi-cylindrical design. Clipeus.
Scutum, “The Shield” is another modern constellation created by Polish astronomer Johannes Hevelius in the late seventeenth century.
Originally it was named Scutum Sobiescanum , “Shield of Sobieski” to honor John Sobieski, the king of Poland, who defeated the Ottoman forces in the Battle of Vienna in 1683. At the height of Rome’s conquests, the Roman foot soldier dominated the battlefield with disciplined coordination of the weapons in his arsenal—first by hurling his thin, iron-tipped pilum (javelin) at the enemy and then deciding the issue at close quarters using gladius (sword) and scutum (shield)..
This is the only known surviving example of the semicylindrical shield known as a scutum, used by Roman legionaries and known from literary sources.Found flattened, in thirteen pieces, and missing its umbo (central boss), the shield was reconstructed by the Yale-French excavation team. The shields were mostly made of wood - a few layers glued together to make the curved shape. During the early Republican period, foot soldiers also used a kind of parma, but this was replaced by the longer scuta, which offered more protection.. 3. Auxiliary soldiers had a different shaped shield (see below).
Both are perfect for stage and media productions, or light reenactments.
Scutum (The Shield) Constellation. Scutum (/ˈskuːtəm/; plural scuta) is the Latin word for "shield", although it has in modern times come to be specifically associated with the rectangular, semi-cylindrical body shield carried by Roman legionaries.
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This curved shape would protect Roman soldiers along the front and sides. Roman shields were used by legionnaires to deflect ranged weapons like spears and to protect them in close combat. In 1687 Polish astronomer Johannes